Impaired Glymphatic Perfusion After Strokes Revealed by Contrast-Enhanced MRI

The function of the glymphatic system was evaluated by T1-weighted MRI after intracisternal DOTA-Gd (Dotarem, Guerbet, France) microinjection (1 μL for 1 minute). We modified a previously reported method by using a pulled hematological glass micropipette (Figure I in the online-only Data Supplement). Regions of interest for subsequent signal analyses were selected as shown in Figure II in the online-only Data Supplement. Common carotid artery occlusion, SAH, and collagenase-induced intracerebral hemorrhage were performed as previously described. Embolic ischemic stroke was performed as described in the online-only Data Supplement. For immunohistological studies, sodium fluorescein (5 μg per mouse; Sigma-Aldrich, France) or FITC-Dextran (5 μg per mouse; Sigma-Aldrich) were injected in the cisterna magna.